Petra Jordan Travel Guide: History, Tips, and Must-See Sites
Petra is an ancient city in Jordan, famous for its stunning rock-cut architecture and water conduit system. Often called the “Rose City” because of the color of its stone, Petra is one of the New Seven Wonders of the World and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
This guide will help you explore the rich history of Petra, highlighting its significance as a cultural and historical treasure. You’ll also find essential travel tips and discover must-see sites that will enhance your visit. Whether you’re a history enthusiast or just looking for an unforgettable adventure, this guide has everything you need to make the most of your trip to Petra.
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History of Petra
Petra is an ancient city that dates back to around 300 B.C. It was the capital of the Nabataean Kingdom and a major trading center. Traders came from all over to buy and sell spices, silk, and other goods. Its location made it an important stop for caravans traveling between the East and West. The Nabataeans were skilled at managing water, which helped them thrive in the desert.
Over the years, Petra saw many important events. In 106 A.D., it became part of the Roman Empire, which brought more wealth and power. But as trade routes changed and natural disasters occurred, Petra started to decline and was mostly abandoned by the 7th century. It was forgotten for many years until a Swiss explorer named Johann Ludwig Burckhardt rediscovered it in the early 1800s.
Today, Petra is recognized for its cultural significance. It showcases the incredible skills of the Nabataeans and their impressive architecture. In 1985, it was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site, highlighting its importance to history and making it a must-visit destination for travelers.
Getting to Petra (How to get there?)
Reaching Petra is an adventure in itself, and there are several ways to get there depending on where you’re coming from.
Petra is located in southern Jordan, approximately 200 kilometers (125 miles) south of the capital city of Amman.
By Air: The nearest major airport is Queen Alia International Airport in Amman, Jordan. From many international locations, you can find direct flights to this airport. Once you arrive, you can rent a car or take a taxi to Petra, which is about a three-hour drive away.
By Bus: If you’re already in Jordan, taking a bus is a great option. There are regular bus services from Amman to Petra that are affordable and comfortable. The journey takes around 3 to 4 hours.
By Car: Renting a car gives you the freedom to explore at your own pace. The drive from Amman to Petra is scenic, and you can stop at various attractions along the way. Just remember to have a GPS or map handy, as some areas may not be well signposted.
Map of Petra
Must-See Sites in Petra
When you visit Petra, you’ll want to make sure to check out these must-see sites that showcase the beauty and history of this incredible place.
- The Treasury (Al-Khazneh)
As you first enter Petra, one of the first sights that will take your breath away is the Treasury. Carved into the rose-red rock face, this stunning structure stands about 40 meters high and features intricate details that hint at its rich history. It’s not just beautiful; it’s significant, as many believe it was the mausoleum of a Nabataean king. Standing in front of the Treasury, you can almost feel the stories of the past echoing around you.
- The Monastery (Ad-Deir)
After exploring the Treasury, make your way to the Monastery, also known as Ad-Deir. This site requires a bit of a hike, with over 800 steps leading up to it, but the journey is worth every step. The Monastery is larger than the Treasury and equally impressive, with a façade that soars about 50 meters high. As you approach, take a moment to appreciate the views along the way. Once you arrive, you’ll be rewarded with stunning scenery and a peaceful atmosphere—perfect for reflecting on the history of this ancient site.
- The Siq
Don’t miss the Siq, the dramatic canyon that serves as the main entrance to Petra. Walking through the narrow passageway, flanked by towering rock walls, is a magical experience. The colors and textures of the rocks change as you move deeper, creating a beautiful backdrop that sets the stage for the treasures that await you. Keep your camera ready; the moment you step out of the Siq and see the Treasury for the first time is unforgettable.
- Other Notable Sites
Beyond the major attractions, Petra is filled with other remarkable sites. Take a stroll to the Royal Tombs, where you can explore a series of elaborate burial sites carved into the rock. The Roman Theater, with its impressive architecture, is also worth a visit; it can seat over 3,000 spectators and showcases the Roman influence on this ancient city. Each of these sites offers a glimpse into the lives of those who once thrived in Petra.
Things to Do in Petra
- Explore the Siq: Begin your adventure by walking through the Siq, a narrow gorge that serves as the main entrance to Petra. This impressive pathway stretches for about 1.2 kilometers and features towering cliffs, some reaching heights of 80 meters (262 feet). As you walk, take in the ancient water channels and carvings in the rock walls. The anticipation builds as you approach the grand entrance to Petra, making it a memorable start to your visit.
- Visit the Treasury (Al-Khazneh): Upon exiting the Siq, you’ll be greeted by the breathtaking sight of the Treasury, or Al-Khazneh. This iconic structure, carved into the pink sandstone cliffs, stands about 40 meters (131 feet) high and showcases exquisite Hellenistic architecture. Originally believed to be a royal tomb, its stunning façade is adorned with intricate carvings and statues. It’s a must-see and one of the most photographed spots in Petra.
- Hike to the Monastery (Ad-Deir): If you’re up for a challenge, hike to the Monastery, known as Ad-Deir. This impressive site is larger than the Treasury and features a stunning façade that will leave you in awe. The hike consists of about 800 steep steps, but the panoramic views along the way and the sense of accomplishment upon reaching the Monastery are worth the effort. Enjoy the peaceful surroundings and take some time to explore the area.
- Discover the Royal Tombs: Located near the main path, the Royal Tombs are a collection of impressive structures that showcase the architectural prowess of the Nabataeans. Each tomb has its unique design, with intricate facades carved into the rock. The Urn Tomb, the Silk Tomb, and the Palace Tomb are among the most notable. Spend time exploring these historical treasures and imagining the lives of those buried here.
- Relax at the Roman Theater: Take a break and visit the Roman Theater, an impressive structure that dates back to the 1st century AD. Carved into the rock, it can accommodate around 3,000 spectators and features tiered seating. The theater’s design is a testament to the Roman influence in Petra. Imagine the performances that once entertained the crowds as you sit and take in the view of the surrounding mountains.
- Wander through the Petra Archaeological Park: Explore the vast Petra Archaeological Park, which covers around 264 square kilometers. This area is filled with numerous temples, altars, and ruins that provide insight into the daily lives of the Nabataeans. Notable sites within the park include the Temple of the Winged Lions and the Colonnaded Street. Allow yourself plenty of time to wander and discover the ancient wonders of Petra.
- Try the Local Cuisine: After a day of exploring, treat yourself to traditional Jordanian cuisine at nearby cafes or restaurants. Sample local dishes such as Mansaf (lamb cooked in yogurt sauce) or fresh falafel served in pita bread. Enjoying a meal made with local ingredients is a great way to immerse yourself in the culture of Jordan.
- Join a Guided Tour: Consider joining a guided tour to enhance your visit to Petra. Knowledgeable guides can provide valuable insights into the history, culture, and significance of various sites. They can also help you navigate the park more efficiently, ensuring you don’t miss any hidden gems. Tours are available in various formats, including walking tours, jeep tours, and camel rides.
- Capture the Sunset: Stay in Petra until sunset to witness the magical transformation of the landscape. The rocks take on warm hues of red and orange as the sun sets behind the mountains, creating a breathtaking backdrop. Find a good spot, perhaps near the Monastery or the Treasury, to take stunning photographs and soak in the serene beauty of Petra at dusk.
- Visit Little Petra: Take a short trip to Little Petra (Siq al-Barid), located about 10 kilometers (6 miles) north of Petra. This smaller site features similar rock-cut architecture and was likely used as a rest stop for travelers. Explore the intricate carvings and enjoy a quieter atmosphere compared to the main site. It’s a great way to extend your Petra experience and discover more about the Nabataean civilization.
Tips for planning your trip
| Tip | Description |
| 🗓️ Best Time to Visit | The best times to visit Petra are in spring (March to May) and fall (September to November). 🌼 These seasons offer mild weather, making exploration comfortable and enjoyable. |
| 🌦️ Weather Considerations | Always check the forecast before your trip! 🧳 Bring layers, as it can get chilly at night. Don’t forget your sunscreen, even in cooler months, to avoid sunburn while exploring. |
| 🧑🤝🧑 Guided Tours vs. Self-Exploration | Guided tours provide fascinating insights about the history of Petra! 📚 I loved learning from knowledgeable guides. But if you prefer to go at your own pace, self-exploration is also a fantastic option! 🚶♂️💨 |
| 🥾 Tips for Hiking | Wear comfortable, sturdy shoes—trust me, your feet will thank you! 👟 Bring plenty of water to stay hydrated and lightweight clothing for the hike. A wide-brimmed hat is a lifesaver against the sun! 🌞 |
| 📸 Photography Advice | Petra is breathtaking, especially during the golden hour just before sunset! 🌅 I recommend visiting early in the morning or late afternoon for the best lighting. Always ask for permission before snapping photos of people! 🙏 |
Conclusion
Visiting Petra is like stepping into a magical world filled with rich history and stunning landscapes. 🌄 from the impressive Treasury to the serene Monastery, every corner of this ancient city tells a story that captivates the heart and mind. As you plan your trip, remember the best times to visit and how to explore this remarkable site to make the most of your experience. Whether you choose to join a guided tour or wander through the ruins on your own, every moment spent in Petra will be unforgettable. 🌟
So, pack your bags, lace up your hiking boots, and prepare for an adventure of a lifetime in one of the most extraordinary places on Earth! 🧳✨
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FAQs about Visiting Petra
Are there any entrance fees for Petra?
Yes, there is an entrance fee to visit Petra. The cost varies depending on the duration of your stay and whether you purchase a one-day or multi-day pass.
How long should I plan to spend in Petra?
To fully explore Petra, plan to spend at least one full day. However, if you want to hike to all the major sites, consider staying for two or more days.
Is Petra accessible for people with disabilities?
While some parts of Petra are accessible, the site has many uneven paths and steps, making it challenging for those with mobility issues. It’s best to check in advance and plan accordingly.
What should I wear when visiting Petra?
Wear comfortable walking shoes, breathable clothing, and a hat for sun protection. Layering is recommended as temperatures can fluctuate throughout the day.
Can I take photographs in Petra?
Yes, photography is allowed in most areas of Petra. However, be respectful of local customs and avoid taking photos in certain places where it is prohibited.
Are there food and drink options available in Petra?
Yes, there are several restaurants and kiosks within the archaeological park where you can buy food and drinks. It's a good idea to bring some snacks and water for your hike.
What are the must-see sites in Petra?
The must-see sites include the Treasury (Al-Khazneh), the Monastery (Ad-Deir), the Siq, and the Royal Tombs. Each has its unique features and history.
Is it safe to visit Petra?
Yes, Petra is generally considered safe for tourists. However, like any travel destination, it’s important to stay aware of your surroundings and follow local guidelines.
How can I get from Wadi Musa to the entrance of Petra?
The entrance to Petra is a short walk from Wadi Musa. Taxis and horse-drawn carriages are also available for a fee if you prefer not to walk.
Meet David Hoper, a passionate travel Blog writer with 7+ years of experience in travel content. Through his exemplary storytelling and engaging narratives, he shares his experiences and brings destinations to life. With a keen eye for detail and a love for exploration, he has cultivated a diverse portfolio of travel blogs that inspire and inform readers worldwide.
